John Marshall free essay sample

Marshals thirst for political knowledge at an early age, his contribution the judicial system, and dedication to political reform make him one of the most influential figures in American history. Early Life John Marshall, one of fifteen children, was born on September 24, 1755 in a log cabin in rural Germantown, Virginia. His parents were Thomas and Mary Marshall, who had significant status among the citizens of Germantown. Although Marshals parents were not formally educated, they ensured their children had a good, quality education. Marshall was homesteaded and often supplemented his reading from books in George Washingtons library.Marshals father and George Washington worked together as surveyors and became close friends. Washington would later become one of Marshals greatest heroes. Desiring their son to become a leaver, Thomas and Mary sent Marshall to William and Mary College where he spent several weeks listening to George Withys lectures on law, which was Marshals only means of formal education. We will write a custom essay sample on John Marshall or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the age of 25, Marshall left William and Mary College and pursued a lawyers position in Germantown, where he later met and married his wife of 49 years, Mary Willis Ambler. Together, they had ten children, with only six living to see adulthood (McGill, 2005). Chief Justice Chief Justice John Marshall served in the Supreme Court from 1801-1835. He was the fourth Chief Justice appointed by President John Adams (Smith, 1996). Marshall was known as one of the greatest chief justices in judicial history. While head of court, Marshall helped establish foundations for the Supreme Court and the constitutional supremacy. Alexander M. Bicker, a sophisticated, constitutional scholar stated that John Marshall was one Of the greatest justices due to his decision in the Mammary v. Madison case. Although Marshall is known for many other cases throughout judicial history, including McCullough v.Maryland, Cones v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Edge, the high profile case, Mammary v. Madison, became one of Marshals most significant cases and one that established him as one of the greatest supreme court justices who ever lived (Wood, 1997). Mammary V. Madison In Mammary V. Madison, Marshall worked the Judiciary claim to apply the law of the constitution exactly the way that courts interpret common law and statues in their role of legal disputes. Marshall was Instrumental in laying own the foundation for the rise of the Judiciary. Their goal was to make the Judiciary as one of the top three capital powers of the government.Marshall stated that the constitution was a rule for the government of courts, as well as of his legislature. As he made the issue known, judges could not ignore it. They were duty bound to enforce it by disallowing laws offensive to the constitution. At the time, many Americans had no trouble thinking of constitutions as law but not the kind of law that would be operated in the court system, button Marshall stated towards the court system, by applying is methods of statutory interpretation to the constitution, he legalized it. He made it amenable to routine exposition and makes it happen.Marshall knew the Judiciary system would always be one of the weakest branches; its effectiveness depended on gaining the agreements of the legislative, executive branches, and of the people. The power that the Supreme Court would enjoy is the ability to persuade the people. Marshall was perfect for the job, and he greatly enhanced that power by his ability of persuasions. The Americans didnt know anything about the constitution, but Marshall enhanced the knowledge pertaining to the constitution (Hobnobs, 2002). It is no doubt that John Marshall has made tremendous contributions to the judicial system.His thirst for knowledge at a young age and his political leadership has provided significant contributions to political society. It has been over two-hundred years since Marshals appointment; however, the Supreme Court still continues to honor him and his works. Marshall left a legacy that will be admired and written about by political generations to come. Through his works, Marshall helped define our country to what it is today as supported by political author, Jean Edward Smith who stated, if George Washington found the country, John Marshall defined it (Smith, 1996).

Examples of Paper About Federal and Small Business Administration Essay Essay Example

Examples of Paper About Federal and Small Business Administration Essay Essay Example Examples of Paper About Federal and Small Business Administration Essay Paper Examples of Paper About Federal and Small Business Administration Essay Paper If you are interested in the professional spheres related to SBA business development, writing an essay about this theme is an unavoidable step. This field requires a person’s active position in life combined with a professional attitude to work. What is more, you need to mix the knowledge which you get from experience in real life and theory which you get from reading credible literature. In this article, you will find useful information about how to delegate the responsibilities when owning many small businesses. This data will be significant when you decide on preparing a high-quality small business administration essay. What is business administration SBA? Business administration is the most frequently used methods and techniques of business analysis. It is an opportunity to manage your enterprise effectively, analyze complicated tasks and think over strategic goals for the long-term perspective. The main content of the business administration act is the inner mechanism which helps coordinate the process. Here they are: principles of professional administration which build the fundamental basis for the SBA. It is where the management itself turns into one entity. In plain English, those principles are tips for the manager to understand how to lead the organization. functions of business administration, which are the primary, determining the SBA business development; methods of professional administration, which represent the sources of implementing a targeted effect on the production team or individual employee. Those methods differ in their motivational aspects and can be administrative, economic, socio-economic, and socio-psychological; style of leadership, which denotes a set of methods, techniques and actions which are typical for the leader in his or her relationship with the employees. Who needs to write a small business administration essay The Master of Business Administration (MBA) is the worlds most prestigious and top-level business qualification for an entrepreneur. Preparing for this program involves a fundamental study of financial, accounting, information and computer disciplines, management, marketing, enterprise economics, human resources management, the legal basis for entrepreneurship. Writing a small business administration essay is one of the steps required for those who need to get MBA qualification. How to write a small business administration essay for MBA? Everything is not that difficult as it may look. All you need is be coherent and circumspect in your writing. For this, you will have to spend some days in preparation, research, structuring, and then starting to write a paper. If you follow the next steps, you will understand how easy writing can be. Even such topics like procurement assistance function or development company loans will be a piece of cake. Step 1. Read the task requirements Any assignment has specific criteria which students have to fulfill. If applying for MBA program, you will have to pay attention to this step. And it is not because you have to make your small business essay related to the question. The core reason is that you ought to show your character as a manager between the lines. If you miss the important information from the task description, how can you become a good administrator in the company? Writing a small business administration essay is more than preparing a paper with a good content. It is about examining the write on his or her ability to become a leader. Step 2. Choose the topic Topic selection is the next step after you have understood the assignment. Although many people suppose this step is easy, it is not correct. For this subject which you need for MBA essay, choosing the topic is very difficult. Your task is to be unique and interesting in the text. Readers are not looking for boring themes which they have already read millions of times. You have to find something that is new, ground-breaking but not many people already discuss it. It can be a problem or interesting startup case, study case of popular companies with interesting solutions. For completing this step you will have to spend a lot of hours online looking for the right info in the web. Step 3. Research your theme No text exists without proper research. It is impossible to prepare a top-notch work without using sources, quotes, classifications. The writer can find all this by reading lots of literature. For this you will have to go to the library or again use the world wide web. Don’t forget to check Harvard Business Review with their popular study cases. Here you will find what you need. Step 4. Prepare MLA notes When doing the research, it is vital to keep the information which you find in black and white. You may say that one can train memory if keeping everything in mind. However, you may risk valuable scores for this mistake. Use notes which already have the correct formatting. Usually, it is MLA for such subjects. But we recommend looking for the required formatting style in the task description. Step 5. Structure your paper There are lots of methods about how you can structure your paper. You can use notes, boards, laptop, ordinary pen and sheet of paper. You can even make an audio file with the plans. Choose the most suitable techniques for structuring and start planning. Again, this step is about showing you as a manager. Planning is one of the most significant activities which a leader makes. Show that you can organize the text, and the reader will believe that you can do the same in real life. Step 6. Check if you meet all the criteria When the paper is ready, you need to reread it several times. Don’t think that somebody can do this for you. There are lots of pieces of advice to give the paper to somebody for editing. However, it is not obligatory. As a future administrator or even CEO or COO, you need to learn how to cope with the task alone. Take the responsibility for your small business administration essay. This will help you become more versatile and circumspect. You can also buy essay online! Surprised? And it is no wonder because here you can find help for affordable prices! Thewritemyessay is ideal for those who are working and don’t have time to prepare papers. You can buy college essay or order essay online on any theme. We will find the most suitable writer for you. We guarantee that your life will change after you start using our writing service. Here you can find friends who will lend a helping hand when necessary. Buy custom essay only here!

Hotel management front office operations questions Assignment

Hotel management front office operations questions - Assignment Example VIP’s may have alternate areas of registration or different procedures to improve the atmosphere of exclusivity. Is the guest a walk-in and what are the differences? A guest can walk in and the difference between a walk-in and a pre-registered guest is that the former may have limitations on available rooms present if pre-registered guests already reserved their rooms. What role does the housekeeping department play in regards to registration? The housekeeping department prepares a housekeeping status report to inform front desk agents about the readiness and cleanliness of rooms. What do V/C, V/D, V/I, and O/C mean? O-O-O? V/C means vacant and cleaned, but not yet inspected. V/I means vacant and inspected. O/C means occupied and cleaned. V/D means vacant and dirty. O-O-O means out of order. Does it matter where you place a guest and how do you know their preference? It mattes where guests are placed because each room has specific characteristics that can either please or displease them. Front desk agents can know these preferences by asking them about the rooms and the facilities they prefer and referring to the guest history file, if already present. What are some of the rates given to guests and why? The room rate is the actual price charged for a given room on a given night. The rack rate is the standard or non-discounted rate for a given room type. If a guest does not qualify for a discounted price, the guest is charged the rack rate. Do they accept methods of pre-payment and how is that done? It can accept pre-payment, such as cash and card payments over the phone or online. These pre-payments are done through the reservations system. What types of credit cards are accepted and are there differences in this and a debit card? Travel and entertainment cards and bank cards with installment payment plans are some types of credit cards. Debit cards are different from credit

Music and Mediation Therapy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Music and Mediation Therapy - Essay Example Therefore, it is much better than medication and needs to be practiced more often. Also, those who regularly meditate report hat they feel happy, fresh, at peace and free. Meditation Therapy for Anxiety and Pain Meditation is said to reduce blood pressure, heart rate and heart rhythm disturbances. This allows for adrenaline levels in blood to go down and this hormone is responsible for mediating emotional arousal in our body. There are two kinds of most basic and common meditation practices: transcendental meditation and mindfulness meditation. In the first process the meditator continuously repeats a single word which is called a mantra and he has to make his feelings and thinking to go away. The second process involves the person focusing all his attention on his thoughts and sensations and this process is normally for stress-reduction. Guided meditation is a kind of meditation using phrases of evocative spoken images which allow the person’s mind to become relaxed. Blue Shi eld insurance company conducted a research and their findings suggested that the surgery patients who listened to a guided meditation prior to surgery had a better recovery, was more cost efficient and they felt an improved sense of healing (Weiss, 2008). Another report, by the University of Massachusetts Stress Reduction Clinic showed a reduction in chronic pain by average 50%. In fact, the follow up studies reported that this pain reduction lasted for more than a year. Such effects result because meditation promotes the positive sites of the mind which include compassion, sympathy, big-heartedness, love, endurance and forbearance; therefore, allowing the... Based on this research it is recommended that non-pharmacological methods should be used for any purpose till they prove to be useful. Similar is the case with patents having to cope with surgical procedures. The pre-surgery anxiety and the post-operative pain that they have to experience may be overcome by music and meditation as it reduces stress anxiety and pain. Besides, such therapies are better for the patient since they have no side effects neither do they carry any risks of using them. Meditation is a state of awareness of the present without thinking. When we are normally thinking we usually replay or regret the past or worry about the future. However, during meditation such is not the case and during this process the person is only focusing on the present moment. Therefore, the person is just thinking about the wonders he has as of that very moment and thus there is no interference. When one is meditating he is not doing or thinking anything; he is just being. Pain therapy is not an alternative to the pain medications. Rather it is to be used as an adjuvant to the existing medications where either the efficiency of such medication is increased many fold by using music or the side effect profile is improved by lowering the dosages given. Although relaxation exercises are another means through which a patient can be relaxed music works better as it has more advantages. Music motivates a person and improves his mood and allows for the promotion of relaxing feelings.

Company research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Company - Research Paper Example Delta’s other major hubs including John F. Kennedy International Airport, Narita International Airport, Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport, and Salt Lake City International Airport. Currently the organization has an extensive domestic and international network spreading across 64 countries, and it was ranked as the world’s largest airline in 2013 by scheduled passengers carried. Based on the evaluation of different corporate aspects of Delta, this paper will draw some potential conclusions about the future scope of the company. Delta changed its old logo and introduced the 20th one (Figure 1) on 30th April 2007. The current logo is triangular in shape and red in color. One side of this triangular is slightly darker, and this shade adds some depth to the symbol. Similarly the company changes its marketing slogans from time to time, and the current one is ‘Keep Climbing’. The Delta operates both low cost airlines and full service airlines, and the company targets more on business travelers as well as other high ranked international travelers. The firm uses all traditional and modern media to reach its target markets. Delta pays great attention to internet based marketing and maintain official pages in Facebook and Twitter. In addition, the company invests largely in television advertising. Delta is one of the founding members of the SkyTeam airline alliance and the company has also engaged in joint ventures with Air France-KLM and Alitalia, Virgin Atlantic, and Virgin Australia. In addition, the Delta Air Lines has three major subsidiary businesses including Delta Private Jets, DAL Global Services, and Delta Vacations. The company’s strong presence in the global market coupled with its reputed corporate status assists the Delta management to operate its subsidiaries successfully. When operating subsidiaries, the company is able to share its

Music and the Leit Motif in Hamlet :: Free GCSE Coursework

Music and the Leit Motif in Hamlet Throughout William Shakespeare's Hamlet, many leit motifs were seen. If the definition of a allegorical symbol was used for the concept of a leit motif, music was a leit motif in Hamlet. Music was repetitively brought up, in the play, and was also used by Shakespeare as a means of portraying the concept of being played upon. The flute was used to illustrate how Hamlet and Claudius played upon others and each other. Ophelia and other characters sang while they were mad, or dealing with mad characters. The use of music in Hamlet tied in with the concepts of Apolonian verse Dionysian, spying and lying, madness, poetry verse prose, and the burden of revenge on a thinking man. Possibly the most obvious case of music being used as a lead in for the idea of one playing upon another was seen in Act 4 Sc. 1, on lines 25-38. At this point in the play, Hamlet was confronted by Guildenstern, as Guildenstern made an attempt to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet countered Guildenstern's inquiry when he questioned him as to if he could not play a pipe, how could Guildenstern expect to play Hamlet, when he stated "You would play upon me†¦do you think I am easier to be played on than a pipe? Call me what instrument you will, you cannot play upon me." (Act 3. Sc. 2. Ln. 394-402). Hamlet then likened flute playing to lying, when he stated that "It is as easy as lying." (Act 3. Sc. 2 Ln. 387) Though Guildenstern attempted to play upon Hamlet, it was a futile attempt, as even Guildenstern admitted that he did "not have the skill" (Act 3. Sc. 2. Ln. 392) to play upon Hamlet. If being played upon was linked to music through the previously mentioned scene, three other major instances of characters were seen were one character played upon another. The first of these cases, were Hamlet put on the play to trick Claudius, was also in Act 3 Scene 2. Hamlet put on the play to prove to himself that the ghost's words were true and that Claudius did indeed kill his father. Claudius was successfully played upon when he stormed out of the play at the exact point where the player king was brought back to life. The play tied the leit

Implication of globalisation on social policy Essay

It is now difficult to read a newspaper or a book, watch the television, surf the Internet, or participate in a demonstration without coming across references to how ‘globalization’ is affecting our lives. One of the crucial challenges facing many developing and transitional economies is balancing the benefits of globalisation with the risks and costs. According to Sheila L (2004) : ‘Globalization can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society. This process is a combination of economic, technological, sociocultural and political forces’Globalisation is a complex phenomenon, with economic, political and cultural dimensions. At the centre are economic pressures stemming from trade liberalization and increased international competition driven by technological change and growth of the knowledge economy. But political globalisation as reflected in regional groupings, American power, and the influence of global institutions such as the OECD and the IMF may also compromise the self-determination of individual countries. According to Giddens (2001) there are also powerful influences that stem from a cultural globalisation of ideas and values. Thus the process of globalization results in the dissemination and transfusion of ideas that attain significant global social policy currency. Individual countries can both contribute to and be influenced by this process . Effect of globalization:Globalization has variety of effects, that are influencing almost every aspect of life, existence, as well as economic, industrial, financial, social area. Increase of globalization can be seen on Table1. In most of the countries given in example, that measure doubled or, as in case of Czech Republic, even tripled. Basing on Wikipedia division, I would like to highlight economic effect of globalization, that seen in sociological context, increased economic inequality throughout the world and within the United States. Globalization since 1980 has also raised the inequality between nations and peoples, and cemented the polarization of the world into rich and poor nations. Increased competition that induces changes in production in an economy will lead to better allocation of resources, greater efficiency and productivity. However, even if there is net benefit from globalization for the whole economy, some groups and sectors will lose. The net benefits are not shared equally amongst the population and globalization can increase inequities to the extent that certain groups, sectors or regions, are able to participate and grow much faster than other groups, sectors or regions within a country. Therefore, whilst the benefits of globalization are generally accepted, the jury is still out on assessing the social impact arising from globalization and more importantly how to best manage the risks and costs in order to maximize the net benefit for all concerned. Impact of globalization on social policiesNowadays all countries are exposed to economic pressures from globalization that has had implications for social policy. Chart 1 show how Social Globalization has developed over time – measured by the average of the individual country indices. There are numerous arguments regarding how globalization aggravates social problems, while at the same time weakening states’ ability to address them. Expansion of globalization, and the preoccupation with business interests and national economic competitiveness inherent to it, is said to erode democracy itself by depriving voters the opportunity to get their governments to provide social protection. Thus, globalization both increases market-based inequalities through increased labor-market inequality and also places pressure on the capacity of governments to ameliorate them through  tax policy and transfer payments and services. They have also employed greater targeting of benefits and encouraged the expansion of private insurance against labor market risks. Health and other social service programmers have been subject to budget caps, user co-payments, internal markets and other efficiency-oriented reforms. Continuing high levels of social expenditure and considerable differences in levels of poverty and inequality provide support for this view and challenge the idea of an inevitable globalization-induced ‘race to the bottom’ in social spending. But as data from Table 2 suggests us, although expenditure patterns over recent years have been broadly convergent, the trend is not, in fact, towards the bottom, but towards generally higher levels of spending and a greater salience of welfare state objectives. Although in some continental countries, like Denmark, Netherlands, Italy etc. rose only modestly, or even decrease. In U.K and USA increase of Gini Coefficient remains as the highest, close to 8%. According to IMF trends in income inequality across advanced economies have been quite different. In the United States, which started out with a relatively high degree of income inequality, it has increased even further. However, other countries with initially low levels of income inequality, including Denmark, France and the Netherlands, saw some further decline. The impact of globalization on social policy can be seen in both developed and developing countries. Globalization at itself suggest that transnationalisation of production exerts pressure on states to reduce the burden of taxes and regulations on firms. While this reduces financial and compliance burden on firms, it also erodes the states’ fiscal and organizational capacity to maintain the welfare state. Second, it is argued that generous welfare  benefits stifle work incentives which gradually undermine an economy’s international competitiveness. Governments are, as a result, obliged to keep benefits in check and preferably reduced in order to maintain international competitiveness. Third, concern for the investors’ sentiments leads governments to focus on balance of payment, inflation and fiscal prudence because governments that do not sufficiently address these concerns find their nations shunned by business, which dampens economic growth, which in turn und ermines voters’ support for the government. As a result, governments can no longer boost their economy through expansionary social and economic investment measures and must instead rely on promotion of international trade and investment, which serves the interests of business more than the society at large. Globalization enters the ways in which the content of social policy and the distribution of welfare are shaped by: governmental and nongovernmental organizations responding not only to domestic issues and sources of pressure but also to circumstances, events, and developments in other countries; the policies of foreign governments, international organizations, and financial institutions; and the decisions and activities of overseas headquarters. In essence, then, globalization draws attention to the ways in which societies, economies, and polities – including labor markets and welfare systems – of different countries are entangled in one another. All this is effecting in lowering social and labor standards, as well as shifting public services (like heath-care and education), to privatization and existence on global market. That’s why issues with which social policy is concerned to the level of supranational institutions, agencies, and forums, both world-regional (e.g. EU) and global (WB etc) are raised. ConclusionIn my assignment I examined the interconnections between globalization and social policy. I have seen that globalization is a complex process, and that ‘globalization studies’ displays a range of theoretical, ideological, and political perspectives. Summing up influence of globalization is taking different directions, what is mostly depended by the stage of development and character of country. Social problems ranging from famine to floods, from pollution to poverty, and from rural depopulation to urban overcrowding are commonly cited examples of the many invidious effects  of globalization on social welfare. Conversely, globalization is trumpeted as being central to many developmental successes, such as poverty reduction, increasing economic prosperity, better services, and enhanced concern with human rights. Even those who are skeptical of the benefits globalization has brought so far may point to the ways in which it has the potential to transform politica l, economic, and social relations within and between countries to the benefit of human welfare worldwide. Globalization brings new potentials for development and wealth creation. But there are divergent views and perceptions among people as concerns its economic and social impact, and indeed widely varying impacts on the interests and opportunities of different sectors and economic and social actors. Some argue that the present model of globalization has increased problems of unemployment, inequality and poverty, while others contend that globalization helps to reduce them. In my opinion, these problems predated globalization, but it is clear that for globalization to be politically and economically sustainable, it must contribute to their reduction. Hence the future goal of a globalization is meeting needs of all people. References: Edwards, R. 2000. Globalisation and Pedagogy : Space, Place and Identity. London, UK: RoutledgeFalmer,Giddens, A. 2001. Introduction in The Global Third Way Debate, Cambridge. Hill M., 2006. Social Policy in the Modern World, Blackwell PublishingJackson A. Globalization and progressive social policySheila L. Croucher. 2004. Globalization and Belonging: The Politics of Identity in a Changing World. Rowman & Littlefield. p.10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalizationhttp://globalization.kof.ethz.ch/static/pdf/press_release_2008_en.pdfhttp://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2007/wp07169.pdfhttp://stats.oecd.org/wbos/default.aspx?DatasetCode=SNA_TABLE11http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2007/wp07169.pdf

Introduction to the stste of English in Iran essays

Introduction to the stste of English in Iran essays In the present era, which is marked in the history by the penetration of computer and internet and invention of public communication and participation mechanisms, all academic centers throughout the world are becoming so close that their separateness is not conceivable anymore. That way the amount of academic communication and mutual exchange of recent findings in a scientific field is so easy that nothing would remain in the dark after being found or produced by a member or a group in an academic center. But can all academic centers and academic figures allover the world benefit from these communication facilities evenly and proliferate their scholarly ideas to broaden the boundaries of knowledge on an international scale? Having access to communication mechanisms does not guarantee the active and successful participation in the academic communities, rather in order to be accepted as a competent academic figure in these communities you need to have a set of discourse competencies acquisition of which needs informedness, awareness, and meticulousness. Effective processing and producing of academic discourse necessitates consciousness of rules and conventions that govern scholarly communication. In other words an academic figure should be academically literate. This academic literacy involves the ability of processing and producing scientific information, or in general, communicating scientific information. This is considered to be an essential prerequisite for any academic activity (Salahshoor 2000). The important question that is still unanswered in Iran is what academic literacy is. Finding a definition for academic literacy may pave the way for English teaching technology in Iranian context to design and implement courses, which meet the needs of those who intend to have a part in international academic communication. Salahshoor (2000:1) defines academic literacy as the ability to process an...

Study Guide for the Medieval Morality Play Everyman

Study Guide for the Medieval Morality Play 'Everyman' Written in England during the 1400s, The Summoning of Everyman (commonly known as Everyman) is a Christian morality play. No one knows who wrote the play. Historians have noted that monks and priests often wrote these types of dramas. Basic Plot God decides that Everyman (a character who represents an average, everyday human) has become too obsessed with wealth and material possessions. Therefore, Everyman must be taught a lesson in piety. And who better to teach a life lesson than a character named Death? Man Is Unkind God’s chief complaint is that humans are ignorantly leading sinful lives, unaware that Jesus died for their sins. Everyman has been living for his own pleasure, forgetting about the importance of charity and the potential threat of eternal hellfire. Upon God’s bidding, Death summons Everyman to take a pilgrimage to the Almighty. When Everyman realizes that the Grim Reaper has called upon him to face God and give a reckoning of his life, he tries to bribe Death to â€Å"defer this matter till another day.† The bargaining doesn’t work. Everyman must go before God, never to return to Earth again. Death does say that the hapless hero can take along anyone or anything that may benefit him during this spiritual trial. Friends and Family Are Fickle After Death leaves Everyman to prepare for his day of reckoning (the moment in which God judges him), Everyman approaches a character named Fellowship, a supporting role that represents Everyman’s friends. At first, Fellowship is full of bravado. When Fellowship learns that Everyman is in trouble, he promises to stay with him until the problem is resolved. However, as soon as Everyman reveals that Death has summoned him to stand before God, Fellowship ditches the poor guy. Kindred and Cousin, two characters that represent family relationships, make similar promises. Kindred declares, â€Å"in wealth and woe we will with you hold, for over his kin a man may be bold.† But once Kindred and Cousin realize Everyman’s destination, they back out. One of the funniest moments in the play is when Cousin refuses to go because he has a cramp in his toe. The overall message of the play’s first half is that relatives and friends (as reliable as they may seem) pale in comparison to the steadfast companionship of God. Goods vs. Good Deeds After getting rejected by fellow humans, Everyman turns his hopes to inanimate objects. He talks to a character named â€Å"Goods,† a role which represents Everyman’s material possessions and wealth. Everyman pleads for Goods to assist him in his hour of need, but they offer no comfort. In fact, the Goods chide Everyman, suggesting that he should have admired material objects moderately ​and that he should have given some of his goods to the poor. Not wanting to visit God (and subsequently be sent to hell), Goods abandons Everyman.​​ Finally, Everyman meets a character who will genuinely care for his plight. Good-Deeds is a character who symbolizes the acts of charity and kindness performed by Everyman. However, when the audience first meets Good-Deeds, she is laying on the ground, severely weakened by Everyman’s many sins. Enter Knowledge and Confession Good-Deeds introduces Everyman to her sister, Knowledge. This is another friendly character who will provide good advice to the protagonist. Knowledge serves as an important guide for Everyman, instructing him to seek out another character: Confession. Everyman is led to Confession. Readers expecting to hear a bunch of scandalous â€Å"dirt† on the main character, expecting him to beg forgiveness, or hoping he will at least apologize for whatever sins he has committed will be surprised here. Instead, Everyman asks for his vices to be wiped clean. Confession says that with penance, Everyman’s spirit may become clean once more. What does penance mean? In this  play, it means that Everyman undergoes a severe and purifying form of physical punishment. After he suffers, Everyman is amazed to discover that Good-Deeds is now free and strong, ready to stand by his side during his moment of judgment. The Five-Wits After this purging of the soul, Everyman is ready to meet his maker. Good-Deeds and Knowledge tell Everyman to call upon â€Å"three persons of great might† and his Five-Wits (his senses) as counselors. Everyman calls forth the characters Discretion, Strength, Beauty, and Five-Wits. Combined, they represent the core of his physical human experience. Unlike the first half of the play when he begged for help from his friends and family, Everyman is now relying on himself. However, even though he receives some good advice from each entity, he realizes that they will not go the distance as he journeys closer to his meeting with God. Like previous characters, these entities promise to stay by his side. Yet, when Everyman decides that it is time for his body to physically die (perhaps as part of his penance), Beauty, Strength, Discretion, and the Five-Wits abandon him. Beauty is the first one to take a hike, disgusted by the idea of lying in a grave. The others follow suit, and Everyman is left alone with Good-Deeds and Knowledge once again. Everyman Departs Knowledge explains that he won’t be going into the â€Å"heavenly sphere† with Everyman, but will stay with him until he departs from his physical body. This seems to imply that the soul does not retain its Earthly knowledge. However, Good-Deeds (as promised) will journey with Everyman. At the end of the play, Everyman commends his soul to God. After his departure, an angel arrives to announce that Everyman’s soul has been taken from his body and presented before God. A final narrator enters to explain to the audience that all should heed the lessons of Everyman: that everything in life is fleeting, with the exception of acts of kindness and charity. Overall Theme As one might expect from a morality play, Everyman has a very clear moral, one that is delivered at the beginning, middle, and end of the play. The blatantly religious message is simple: Earthly comforts are fleeting. Only good deeds and God’s grace can provide salvation. The lessons of the play are delivered in the form of allegorical characters, each one representing a variety of abstract concepts such as good deeds, material possessions, and knowledge. Who Wrote Everyman? Many morality plays were a collaborative effort by clergymen and residents (often tradesmen and guild members) of an English town. Over the years, lines would be changed, added, and deleted. Therefore, Everyman is probably the result of multiple authors and decades of literary evolution. Historical Context When Everyman summons the Five-Wits, a fascinating  discussion about the importance of the priesthood follows. FIVE-WITS:For priesthood exceedeth all other thing;To us Holy Scripture they do teach,And converteth man from sin heaven to reach;God hath to them more power given,Than to any angel that is in heaven According to the Five-Wits, priests are more powerful than angels. This reflects the prevalent role of priests in medieval society. In most European villages, the clergy were the moral leaders. However, the character of Knowledge mentions that priests are not perfect, and some of them have committed egregious sins. The discussion concludes with a general endorsement of the church as the surest path to salvation.

Econmics(_Microsoft_case quesitons ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Econmics(_Microsoft_case quesitons ) - Essay Example Microsoft became a monopoly because the company was able to create and mandate the use of their own universal data interaction standards to be eventually used in all personal computers. Microsoft was successful at implementing their strategy because, unlike their competitors at the time Apple and Commodore, Microsoft’s philosophy was to create an operating system that allowed any computer be it for personal use or business to operate and communicate and communicate with each other seamlessly (Fisher, 2000). 2) When a firm decides to behave monopolistically it recognizes its influence over market price. In the case of a monopoly, instead of allowing supply and demand to determine the highest price the market will bear, monopolies choose a level of production output and pricing structure that maximizes their own profits. For a monopoly profits are maximized when marginal costs equal marginal revenue. A we can see on the graph the point where Q* and P* intersect corresponds to th e point where MC=MR. If marginal revenue is less than marginal costs, its economically advantageous for the firm to choose to produce less than the maximum output since the savings in costs would more than make up for the increased marginal revenue. If a company operates in a competitive environment instead of being a monopoly production output would be in line with the point in the graph (pl) where price equals marginal costs. Thus in general a monopolistic marketplace is characterized by having higher prices and lower production when compared with an open competitive market. As a rule a monopoly will be very inefficient since a monopolist will produce a level output less than the competitive amount and is consequently Pareto inefficient. Monopolies are detrimental to consumer interests since they allow companies to create abnormal profit levels by obligating consumers to pay higher prices and due to a lack of any competition, product quality, innovation and variety will also be ne gatively affected. 3)From its inception, in order to protect is market share, Microsoft purposely created its operating systems to restrict easy integration and interoperability between PC’s using their Windows operating system and group servers not utilizing Microsoft’s server operating system. The company utilized the practice of bundling its browser Internet Explorer to their Windows operating system without providing the user other browser options by default. The company was also guilty of tying its Windows Media Player with its Windows Operating System which currently has a around over a 90% market share in the European Union (Statcounter, 2011).The European Union investigation concluded that Microsoft was purposely and illegally withholding interface information from its competitors in order to put them at a disadvantage. This is in clear violation of Europe’s antitrust laws. 4) The European Union was originally created in 1958 with the purpose of stopping the wars in Europe. Six countries originally joined the EU: Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. Soon with the political and economic success of the union many of the other European nations joined the union and today it has over 27 member countries including non European nations such as US, China, and Japan. Today the

Nike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nike - Essay Example loyed wherein the market would be segmented on the basis of the ‘benefits’ sought by the customers and the ‘user status.’ This method of segmentation would provide ‘athletes’ and ‘women involved in fitness exercises’ (say yoga) as two potential market segments. In addition to the aforesaid consumer segments, we can target the various athletic training centers and sports clubs for the new Nike shoe as business customers. We will convince the management of such centers and clubs about the superiority and functionality of the new Nike shoe so that we can sell in bulk to these centers. These institutions will serve as a lucrative B2B market for the new brand. Mass marketing refers to offering the product to the entire market without taking into consideration the differing needs of the customers. Multi-segment strategy refers to offering the same product in more than one segment. We will not adopt the mass marketing or multi-segment strategy for the new Nike shoe but would go ahead with a concentrated strategy when the product is launched. We have decided to target athletes from amongst the possible consumer market segments discussed above. The new shoe from Nike would be of great use to athletes as these shoes are extremely light and do not, in any way, compromise on durability and stability. To begin with, we will go ahead with the B2C model and make the shoe available at exclusive Nike stores as well as through the online store. In addition to this, we will use the selective distribution strategy and make the shoe available at few select multi-brand stores as well. The consumer of the Nike shoe will pass through four distinct stages; Attention, Interest, Desire and Action (referred to as the AIDA Model). The buying process of the consumer begins with need identification. The consumer feels a state of deprivation and feels that he needs a certain product to get rid of the state of deprivation. In other words, the consumer needs a product to satisfy